(autotranslated, could have mistakes)

Lighthouse Keeper in the 21st Century

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• Speaker: Vasily Korablev President of the Foundation for Support of Lighthouses and Lighthouses "Russian Lighthouse Society" Head of the project "Lighthouse. Lighthouses of Russia and the world" "Lighthouse. Lighthouses of Russia and the world"

• 2.  MAYAKI.RF Foundation for the support of lighthouses and lighthouses "Russian Lighthouse Society" Project "Lighthouse. Lighthouses of Russia and the world". • Encyclopedia of lighthouses in Russia, the world, lighthouse makers • Models of lighthouses • Forum about lighthouses and lighthouse makers http://mayaki.ru/ • Communities on social networks “Lighthouse Lovers Club” Our projects Founded: July 1, 2016 Founded: 2008 mayachnik.ru MAYAKI.RF

• 3.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF The main focus of our projects is aimed at popularizing and preserving Russian lighthouses. Any story about lighthouses would not be complete without mentioning the lighthouse keepers. Lighthouse maker is not a profession, but a way of life. Work in any weather, in any bad weather, at any time... There are many known cases of heroic deeds of lighthouse workers in the name of helping sailors. Unfortunately, for a long time ordinary people knew little about the life and work of lighthouses. “Lighthouses are shrines of the seas. They belong to everyone and are inviolable, like the plenipotentiaries of the powers" Konstantin Paustovsky

• 4.  MAYAKI.RF Lighthouse history. Lighthouses and beacons For a large number of people, lighthouses are a symbol of light, hope and a clear path. Despite the fact that the profession of a lighthouse keeper is becoming a thing of the past, the lighthouses themselves are still capable of bringing a lot of benefits.

• 5.  MAYAKI.RF 5 Lighthouse - one who works at the lighthouse (lighthouse staff), including the Lighthouse Keeper. Lighthouse 'Efremova's Explanatory Dictionary' m. The one who works at the lighthouse. Mayachnik 'Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary' -a, m. Lighthouse Keeper Mayachnik 'Dictionary of synonyms' lighthouse noun, number of synonyms: (1) • ↑keeper (20) Dictionary of synonyms ASIS, Trishin V.N., 2010

• 6.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 6 How many lighthouses are there in the world? If you go by the numbering from the List of Lights, then there are more than 34 thousand lights and signs. It is clear that not all of them are elegant architectural structures, however, the scale for study is significant.

• 7.  MAYAKI.RF 7 What is the role of lighthouses now? 1- Navigation The lighthouses themselves are also being improved. More and more beacons operate in fully automatic modes and are complex complexes of light-optical, electronic, sound-signaling equipment and power supply systems. The light-optical system automatically turns on at dusk and turns off at dawn. Also, light sources that are out and under construction are automatically switched to backup ones. Automated monitoring and control systems allow you to remotely control the characteristics of automatic beacon lights from the dispatch console. Increasingly, halogen, laser and LED lamps are used as light sources.

• 8.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 8 At all times, the lighthouse keeper performed many functions at the same time. In the twentieth century, he had to perform the functions of a mechanic, lighting technician and guard, who always had something to watch. The work of lighthouses is invisible to most people, but often it is a constant feat and overcoming difficulties, especially in Russia. Proverb: “The most desirable light for a sailor is the fire of his native lighthouse.”

• 9. MAYAKI.RF 9 Change of watch at sea

• 10.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 10 With the advent of GPS, Glonass in many countries, the need as such for lighthouses has disappeared and the profession of a lighthouse keeper (lighthouse) began to gradually become a thing of the past. Some lighthouses have already ceased to be used. Satellite navigation leaves no chance for lighthouses, but this does not mean that history should simply be forgotten. Abroad, lighthouse keepers are more the custodians of lighthouse traditions and supervise the operation of modern navigation aids.

• 11.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 11 Lighthouse - an object of cultural heritage Many lighthouses become objects of cultural heritage and tourism, mainly abroad. Lighthouses are dedicated to museums and converted into museums, and former keepers often serve as tour guides, although these people tend to combine a wide variety of responsibilities in their activities. Maine Lighthouse Museum Norman MacLeod Cape North Lighthouse

• 12.  LIGHTHOUSE.RF 12 Lighthouse - cultural heritage site New Canal Lighthouse museum and training center

• 13.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 13 In order to preserve these magnificent buildings, lighthouse protection societies are being created around the world, in which former keepers also participate. Some lighthouse buildings are used scientists who observe the behavior of whales. In addition, lighthouses often help ornithologists.

• 14.  MAYAKI.RF 14 What is the role of lighthouses now? Many foreign lighthouses began to operate as hotels. This service has become very popular among romantics who want to taste all the colors of the life of a lighthouse keeper. Typically, the money that tourists pay, thanks to the efforts of lighthouse preservation societies, is used to maintain lighthouses in good condition. Unfortunately, Russian lighthouses cannot yet boast of such an opportunity. You shouldn’t expect any official hotel or tourist services at lighthouses. One of the famous and architecturally original German lighthouses, “Scarlet Sand” (Roter Sand), stands in the sea and has a history of more than 125 years, and is also open as a hotel. The hotel has six spartan rooms with modest “camping” food - canned food, bread, vegetables, fruits. There is no alcohol at all, and to get to the toilet you need to climb 70 steps. However, under such conditions it is almost impossible to book a hotel room. And this is at a rather low cost of living of 556 euros

• 15. MAYAKI.RF 15 Modern lighthousemen connect times, eras and generations the Malygin family hereditary lighthousemen in the third generation in the Northern Fleet Evgeny Malygin, his great-grandfather, grandfather and father - all lighthouse workers. We worked on o. Sosnowiec metro station Kanin Nos. In his area of responsibility there are three lighthouses: Cape Barmin, Timan Island and Cape Svyatoy Nose, Cheshsky Lighthouse

• 16.  MAYAKI.RF Famous people in lighthouse history

• 17.  MAYAKI.RF 17 Leonty Vasilievich Spafarev (05/19/1766—01/25/1847) Lieutenant General. KFSh, transformer of lighthouse business in Russia. The lighthouse business originated in Russia in the 17th-18th centuries, brought to life by the reform activities of Peter I. However, only after the formation of the Lighthouse Directorate in the Ministry of Military Maritime Forces in 1807, headed by L.V. Spafariev formed the lighthouse business as a single effective economic system. L. V. Spafarev

• 18.  MAYAKI.RF 18 Leonty Vasilyevich Spafarev (1766-1847) In 1803 in rank of cap. 2 r. appointed keeper of the Baltic lighthouses. Since 1807 - director of the lighthouses of the Finnish Hall. He made many technical changes in the field of lighthouse technology in Russia. All the old lighthouses of the Finnish and Riga Gulfs were rebuilt, the lighting of the lighthouses with coal and firewood was replaced with oil, a reflective lighting method was introduced, new methods were proposed for fencing fairways, narrows and skerry areas through sector and corner lighting, etc. In 1814 for the completion of the construction of lighthouses in the Finnish Hall. and the installation of a telegraph between Revel and Odensholm (Suur-Pakri) was awarded the Order of St. Anne, 2nd degree. The English merchant class, as a sign of great merit in ensuring the safety of navigation, in 1814 presented him with a silver vase with the inscription “Pro utile” (“For benefit”). L. V. Spafarev

• 19.  MAYAKI.RF 19 Leonty Vasilievich Spafarev (1766-1847) Thanks to energetic and tireless activity Spafarev, by 1820, all the old lighthouses of the Gulf of Finland and Riga were rebuilt and 19 new ones were built, of which 13 were stone and 6 wooden. During the same period, the first floating lighthouses were built and began to operate, in particular, off the London Shoal (lighthouse ship Nordstern). By the time Spafariev began his activities in Russia, there were no regulatory documents that determined the operating hours of lighthouses. They were lit, as a rule, “with the onset of darkness” and extinguished “with the onset of daylight,” and these moments were interpreted differently by everyone, which often led to misunderstandings. For the first time in Russia, Spafariev calculated the time of sunset and sunrise for each lighthouse and compiled the corresponding tables. He also established the operating time of the beacons depending on the time of year. L. V. Spafarev

• 20.  MAYAKI.RF 20 Leonty Vasilyevich Spafarev (1766-1847) Published the first in Russia at his own expense Atlas of the Finnish Hall. indicating all the lighthouses from Kronstadt to Luzerort. In 1817 he was promoted to major general. In 1825-1837 was commander of the Revel port (since 1829 with the rank of lieutenant general) while maintaining his previous position. In 1830 he was enrolled in the KFS. Two years later, for “excellently diligent” service, he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd degree. In 1834, at his suggestion, the publication of the Description of Lighthouses and Towers of the Russian Empire began. In 1838, he was “appointed to serve in the Naval Ministry.” He died in St. Petersburg and was buried at the Volkovskoye Orthodox Cemetery. An island in Tauiskaya Bay and a bay on the Alaska Peninsula (Chukchi Sea) are named after him. Main work: “Description of the lighthouses of the Gulf of Finland and Riga” (1820). L. V. Spafarev

• 21.  MAYAKI.RF 21 Bazhenov Roman Ivanovich Years of life (4.05.1823—1.09.1904), senior adm., beginning GSU. 1 Jan 1865 Promoted to Cap. 1 rub. and appointed Art. pom. Director of lighthouses and pilotage of the Baltic Sea, in 1874 received the title of Candidate of Adm. and became director of lighthouses. Having been at the head of the management of the lighthouses of the Baltic Sea for more than 20 years, he brought this service to an exemplary state: in most of the Baltic lighthouses the catoptric lighting system was replaced by a dioptric lighting system, 15 new lighthouses were built, the first electric lighthouse and the first steam siren on the Baltic Sea were installed, the Moonsund Strait was fenced with coastal lights and luminous buoys. etc. For distinguished service in 1885, he was promoted to senior adm. and a year later the beginning was appointed. GSU and Chairman of the Marine Scientific Committee. Over the next two and a half years, he reviewed and revised the regulations on the workshop of nautical instruments, charters and regulations on the Naval Cadet Corps, established a compass unit at the State University and actively worked in the commission for the revision of pilot charters. Thanks to his persistence and energy, the publication of the journal began in 1887.

magazine "Zap. according to hydr." In May 1888, in accordance with the provisions on the maritime qualifications based on the age limit (65 years), he was “dismissed from service.” After retiring, he settled in Luga, where he soon equipped a rescue station. He died in Luga and was buried in the local cemetery at the Smeshinskaya Assumption Church. Main work: “Lighthouses, their lighting equipment and sound devices” (1884). Bazhenov Roman Ivanovich

• 22.  MAYAKI.RF 22 Bashmakov Pavel Ivanovich Years of life (January 1890–1942). Arctic hydrographer, specialist in lighthouses and navigation aids. Born into a large family of a servant of the Zhuzmuy lighthouse in Onega Bay. In 1904 he entered the nautical department of the Arkhangelsk Trade and Maritime School. After the death of the father, the family found itself in a very difficult financial situation. The mother was forced to submit a petition for financial assistance to her son. Despite all the difficulties, Bashmakov, thanks to his will and enormous capacity for work, successfully completed his studies in 1909 and began serving in hydrographic organizations. He devoted more than 30 years to the hydrographic fencing of the White, Barents and Kara Seas. Since 1933, Bashmakov headed the Arkhangelsk and Novaya Zemlya hydrographic departments, during 1921–1940. combined work with teaching at the Arkhangelsk Maritime College, where he taught courses in navigation, pilotage, meteorology and astronomy. Bashmakov published a number of books and articles on hydrography, the history of the development of the Northern Sea Route, wrote reviews of

books about the Arctic and articles in the Great and Small Soviet Encyclopedias, and was the author of several inventions in the field of hydrography. His name was widely known in maritime circles. In 1924, he was awarded a sextant, on the cover of which, on a silver plate, was engraved an extract from the order of the Maritime Department: “Awarded with the approval of the Revolutionary Council of the USSR... hydrographer Pavel Ivanovich Bashmakov for tireless work aimed at improving navigation conditions in the White and Barents Seas and for developing a number of guidelines for navigation in these waters.” In 1924, the cruiser "Aurora" and the training ship "Komsomolets" made a voyage along the route Kronstadt - Arkhangelsk - Kronstadt for the first time in the history of the Soviet Navy. In this campaign, Bashmakov, an expert on the northern seas, was entrusted with escorting ships on the Murmansk-Arkhangelsk stage. Died in Arkhangelsk. He was buried at the Solombala cemetery. . Bashmakov Pavel Ivanovich

• 23.  MAYAKI.RF 23 Bashmakov Pavel Ivanovich • Bashmakov P.I. Lighthouse business and its historical development, construction of beacons, warning lights, automatic buoys and their lighting apparatus and mechanisms. L., 1925. S. 2.

• 24. MAYAKI.RF Lighthouse romance

• [25. ]. the sailor determines a place in the ocean. William Shakespeare

• 26.  MAYAKI.RF 26 The theme of love goes side by side with lighthouses. Thus, one of the famous lighthouses, Minot's Ledge Light, located in the USA in the state of Massachusetts, is famous for being called the “Lover’s Light” lighthouse or the “I-Love-You” lighthouse because of the light code 1-4-3. (the number of flashes corresponds to the number of letters in the words of the phrase I Love You).

• 27.  MAYAKI.RF 27 Lighthouse Unity Paula the Lighthouse Keeper - FINLAND

• 28.  MAYAKI.RF 28 As for creative people or just lovers of lonely thoughts, lighthouses are just perfect for them. The spirit and romance of lighthouses attracts many people around the world. A large number of literary works are dedicated to lighthouses. At the same time, many famous people connected their fate with lighthouses in one way or another. The poet Joseph Brodsky was supposedly a lighthouse keeper at the exit from the Leningrad port in 1958. True, in his words: “It ended very badly: the fireman there loved the naval order, and we didn’t get along with him.” Robert Stevenson (the famous writer's grandfather) was a famous lighthouse builder. Joseph Brodsky

• 29. MAYAKI.RF Modern lighthouses

• 30.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 30 TYURIN Yuri Ivanovich (Aytodor Lighthouse) b. 10/24/1927, cap. 2 rubles, hydrograph. Born in the Gorky (Nizhny Novgorod) region. After graduating from the Gorky Naval Preparatory School in 1945, he entered the hydrographic department of the VVMU named after. M. V. Frunze. After graduating from college in 1949, he served at the Pacific Fleet in various units of the Civil War. Participated in geodetic work and marine sounding in the Far East seas, as well as in work on the development of the aid to navigation network on Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. In 1957 he was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet, where he served until his transfer to the reserve in 1977 as chief. Sevastopol district GS. A big lighthouse enthusiast. Made a significant contribution to the improvement and development of the aid to navigation network in the north-west. parts of the Black Sea. Currently is the beginning. Aytodor lighthouse in Crimea. Founded a museum of lighthouse service and round-the-world Antarctic expeditions at the lighthouse (unfortunately, not available for free visits). Yuri Ivanovich Tyurin

• 31. MAYAKI.RF So that history is not distorted

• 32.  MAYAKI.RF 32 Despite the long history of lighthouse business in Russia, there is very little information about lighthouses in open sources, usually something there are about modern ones, and very little about their predecessors. It is often quite difficult to restore the correct chronology for each lighthouse. One example is the Zhuzmuysky lighthouse

• 33.  MAYAKI.RF 33 Zhuzhmuysky since 1871 After the exhibition in Arkhangelsk in 2015, it became clear that the statement was wrong, that “the Ageev dynasty monitored the lighthouse for 130 years and the only break was for 12 years, when Natalya Kokova and Alexey Akulov monitored the lighthouse. He was written off from the lighthouse for embezzlement. Nikolai Ageev and his family came to replace him. Nikolai monitored the lighthouse until it was decommissioned (around 2010).”

• 34.  MAYAKI.RF 34 Zhuzhmuysky since 1871 Zhuzhmuysky some of the smotels: Chronology approximate chronology caretakers, guardians told by Valery Plaksin: 1. let's start with Bashmakov - apparently the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, 2. then most likely there was Serebryanikov - then he was arrested. 3. Great-grandfather Katarin A. - worked until 1940, I don’t know his position, I know that he served at the lighthouse and was buried there, 4. then - Agafonov Philip Prokopievich, either from 1940, or from 1945 to 1961. 5. Plaksin Anatoly Grigorievich since 1954 technician and since 1961 Chief. lighthouse until November 1966 He was buried in Arkhangelsk in Solombala, and later F.P. Agafonov was buried there. 6. Then the lighthouse was taken over by Popov Nikolay Prokopyevich (before that the head of the State Migration Service) 7. And now I don’t remember, but I didn’t ask anyone, in about 1970-71, Ageev Anatoly Grigorievich came to work at the lighthouse, 8. and further on the list Akulov for 12 years 9. then Ageev Nikolay Anatolyevich until the closure of the lighthouse.

• 35.  MAYAKI.RF 35 Head of the lighthouse Agafonov Philip Prokopyevich, he is wearing a cap during the period of work according to available data 1945-1961. To his right is the captain of GPB-16 Safonov, and the young hydrometeorologist and radio operator of the HMS Morozov Slava. On the left with a suitcase is the boatswain GPB-16. (from the personal archive of Valery Plaksin)

• 36.  MAYAKI.RF 36 are the same (as in Photo 1) and Agafonov’s wife Anna, driving in the stern Plaksin Anatoly Grigorievich since 1954 - technician of the Zhuzhmuy lighthouse, after retirement in 1962 Agafonova F.P. beginning lighthouse and until November 1966 Died November 17, 1966 (from the personal archive of Plaksin V.)

• 37.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF Gate 37 on the road to the lighthouse on Zhuzhmuy Island. From the sea side they have the inscription “WELCOME”, and from the lighthouse side “HAPPY WAY” (from the personal archive of Plaksin V.)

• 38.  MAYAKI.RF 38 Zhdanov Boris Nikolaevich By the will of fate, we met in Arkhangelsk an interesting person, Boris Nikolaevich Zhdanov, born at the Veprevsky lighthouse, located on the shores of the White Sea, not far from Zimnyaya Zolotitsa. Boris Nikolaevich wrote two books about the history of the Zimny ​​Coast lighthouses; they tell in detail about the Zimnegorsky and Veprevsky lighthouses, where his parents worked in the 40s and 50s. These are the most interesting memories with rare photographs, a story about the everyday life of lighthouse services, combat duty, and the life of the lighthouse residents themselves. The books were published in a tiny edition “Winter Coast. People" was published in 120 copies, "Lighthouse Lights of the Winter Coast" - 100 copies.

• 39.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 39 If you have stories of people who served in lighthouses Encyclopedia of Russian Lighthouses

• 40. MAYAKI.RF How dynasties are interrupted

• 41.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 41 Shishelovs of the Shishelov lighthouse dynasty from the Tersko-Orlovsky and Shoina lighthouses more than 74 years "...the boss Alexey Nikolaevich Shishelov, who continues the family tradition. The head of the Tersko-Orlovsky lighthouse (on the Kola Peninsula) was his grandfather Pavel Alexandrovich. Then Alexey's father took over the baton. Nikolai Pavlovich Shishelov, who died not so long ago, worked at lighthouses all his life. First at the Tersko-Orlovsky, and then at Shoinsky. He passed it on to his son management of the lighthouse, and with it a family tradition, a sense of pride and responsibility for the important maritime business. Shishelov Alexey Nikolaevich at the Shoina lighthouse with a kerosene lamp after the destruction of the lighthouse and blackout, the lighthouse was repaired in 2007 according to the Norwegian program, and in 2010 it was destroyed, everything was broken and left for destruction and plunder, I asked the authorities not to touch the lighthouse, everything was in excellent condition, we could work for 10-15 years without serious investments, just pay salaries."

• 42. MAYAKI.RF The main thing is to survive!

• 43.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 43 Kurbatov Lighthouse Location: Kuril Islands, Shumshu Island, Sea of Okhotsk, Pacific Ocean - 1st Kuril Strait. Year of construction of the tower: 1956 What happened before 2006

• 44.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 44 Lighthouse "Kurbatova" Head of the lighthouse "Kurbatova" Elena Barbasheva and her husband Vladimir Dyachkov (mechanic), at the lighthouse since 2006. Repair “...In general, working at a lighthouse is more of a way of life. Those who are selfish and mercantile do not hold on..."

• 45.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 45 Lighthouse "Kurbatova" Head of the lighthouse "Kurbatova" Elena Barbasheva and her husband Vladimir Dyachkov (mechanic), at the lighthouse since 2006. After the first repair

• 46.  MAYAKI.RF 46 Lighthouse unity. 2015 LAMP Association of Lighthouse Keepers. I have been the subject of many press articles myself, and have read many reports of others about the trials and tribulations of living in a lighthouses, and I have even contributed similar articles for publication myself, but your article in LAMP 103 has simply ‘blown me away’. This article, for me, epitomizes the dedication and mind- set of what lighthouse keeping is all about, and has got to be one of the finest descriptions of what it takes to be a lighthouse keeper that I’ve ever read. My congratulations and thanks to you for such a memorable piece of writing. If possible, please convey my best wishes and thanks to Elana and Vladamir for the work they continue to do at the lighthouse. Gordon Medlicott (ex-lighthouse keeper in the UK and a member of the Association of Lighthouse Keepers)

• 47. MAYAKI.RF 47 Lighthouse Unity. 2015 “How can we explain that we are not “suffering” here and are not bored, and salary is of secondary importance, and there are plenty of worries here, that everything here does not turn on, turn off, light up and live on its own, that the work of a lighthouse keeper is rather a state of mind and a voluntarily chosen way of life. Despite all the difficulties, my husband Vladimir and I are very happy people. We are confident that we are exactly where we need to be. Let it be destiny or fate, but this is exactly how we approach life at the lighthouse...” Elena Barbasheva

• 48. MAYAKI.RF 48 Lighthouse Unity. 2015 "I think now, I will say something that only a lighthouse keeper will understand. You know, having seen my lighthouse for years, I can look at its light in the night for a very long time without getting tired. For a keeper, a lighthouse is not a tower with fire. It is alive. Pulsating. With its own special rhythm, spirit. Each lighthouse has, as it were, its own aura, individuality. The keeper must be in harmony with his lighthouse. If, the person who came working at the lighthouse does not fit into this harmony, he will leave without any particular reason. When it happens that the automation fails and the fire goes out, the sight of an extinguished lighthouse causes an inexplicable melancholy. Returning to the lighthouse in the dark, seeing your fire, your mood always rises, a very warm feeling of native fire arises.” Barbasheva Elena The light of the Kurbatov lighthouse. Photo by: Yulia Galochkina

• 49.  MAYAKI.RF 49 New history. New repairs for the 70th anniversary of the Kuril landing (2015) We are waiting for the responsible organizations to make the promised repairs on the lighthouse itself!

• 51.  MAYAKI.RF 51 Modern lighthouses Vasiliev Mikhail Yakovlevich. Head of the Taran lighthouse Alexey Stepkov. Lighthouse Basargin Sergey Mityanin. Lighthouse Rotary

• 52.  MAYAKI.RF 52 Who wants to become a lighthouse maker? How to become a lighthouse keeper or lighthouse keeper Good afternoon to everyone who is interested in lighthouses and the people who service them. At several lighthouses in the Gulf of Finland, vacancies have appeared for service personnel positions. You will be provided with a place to live, food provision for the whole year, very low wages, but you will be given the opportunity to personally touch the history of lighthouses and write your name into it. Basic requirements for candidates: skill in working with diesel generators, their minor repairs, ability to work independently, readiness to live in some isolation from society (from November to April only a helicopter and then only when absolutely necessary), age up to 50 years. Preference is given to married couples. If you are interested, call or write to me. Contacts. PS: Yes, fishing all year round, mushrooms, berries, etc. in unlimited quantities. Vacancy dated July 19, 2016

• 53. MAYAKI.RF 53 Thank you! We would like to especially thank all the lighthouse workers and lighthouse lovers who help us in preserving the lighthouse heritage!

• 54.  MAYAKI.RF 54 Sources and recommended books on the topic • History of the Hydrographic Service of the Russian Fleet. Monograph in four volumes. Publication of the Main Directorate of Navigation and Oceanography of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, 1997 • Lighthouses of Russia. Historical essays. publication of GUNIO MO RF, St. Petersburg, 2001, authors A.A. Komaritsin, V.I. Koryakin, V.G. Romanov. • Lighthouses of the Baltic: monograph / I.O. Alekseev. - St. Petersburg. : [b. i.], 2000. - 239 p. : ill. - 500 copies. - ISBN 5-85991-042-8 • Bashmakov P.I. Lighthouse business and its historical development, construction of beacons, warning lights, automatic buoys and their lighting apparatus and mechanisms. L., 1925. S. 2.

• 55.  LIGHTHOUSES.RF 55 Sources and recommended books on the topic • ATLAS OF LIGHTHOUSES IN RUSSIA. V. I. KORYAKIN, V. G. ROMANOV, Y. P. SYSOEV. Prepared for publication at the Navy Central Commission for Use, Printed at the Navy Central Commission for Use, St. Petersburg, 2006. 193 pages • Samarin I.A. Lighthouses of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Historical essay - Yu. Sakhalinsk: Sakhalin Book Publishing House, 2005. - 108 p. ISBN 5-88453- 118-4 • Description of lighthouses and signs of the Black and Azov Seas, 1851

• 56. Thank you for your attention!  e-mail: [email protected] MAYAKI.RF | mayachnik.ru Vasily Korablev President of the Foundation for Support of Lighthouses and Lighthouses "Russian Lighthouse Society" Head of the project "Lighthouse. Lighthouses of Russia and the World"

Lighthouse keeper in the 21st century. Foundation "Russian Lighthouse Society" from Vasily Korablev

Video "Lighthouse Keeper in the 21st Century - Lecture at the 2016 Lighthouse Festival."

The lecture took place as part of the Maritime Festival in St. Petersburg on August 14, 2016. The Russian Lighthouse Society Foundation, together with other lighthouse enthusiasts, presented an exhibition of models in the World of Lighthouses pavilion at the first Lighthouse Festival! Speaker Vasily Korablev